Effect of Machining Parameters on Tool Wear and Hole Quality of AISI 316L Stainless Steel in Conventional Drilling

Procedia Manufacturing 2 ( 2015 ) 202 – 207

Effect of Machining Parameters on Tool Wear and Hole Quality of AISI 316L Stainless Steel in Conventional Drilling

by: A. Z. Sultan, Safian Sharib,*, Denni Kurniawab
Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang, Tamalanrea, Makasar 90245, Indonesia
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Johor 81300, Malaysia

Abstract
This paper focuses on the effect of drilling parameters on tool wear and hole quality in terms of diameter error, roundness, cylindricity, and surface roughness. In this work, the drilling was conducted using uncoated carbide tool with diameter of 4 ± 0.01 mm with point angle of 135º and helix angle of 30º. The drilling was done at different levels of spindle speed (18 and 30 mmin-1) and feed rate (0.03, 0.045 and 0.06 mmrev-1). Austenitic stainless steel AISI 316L was the workpiece material. Comparatives analysis was done on hole diameter, roundness, cylindricity, and surface roughness of the drilled holes by experimentation. From the result, the hole quality characteristics are mostly influenced by cutting speed and feed rate. An exception was for circularity error where a two tail t-test for circularity error indicates that cutting speed and feed rate give no significant influence on circularity error. As the cutting speed increases, the surface roughness decreases (1.09 μm). Contrary, when the feed rate increases, the surface roughness value increases as well. For cylindricity error, lower cutting speed and lower feed rate will give better result. In terms of diameter error, feed rate influences more than cutting speed. Minimum diameter error was achieved when low cutting speed and low feed rate were employed.

© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Selection and Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of MIMEC2015.

Keywords
Surface roughness; Roundness; Cylindricity; Drilling Austenitic Stainless Steel


Concluding remarks
In drilling AISI 316L stainless steel using uncoated carbide tool with diameter of 4 ± 0.01 mm with point angle of 135º and helix angle of 30º at spindle speed of 18 and 30 mmin-1 and feed rate of 0.03, 0.045, and 0.06 mmrev-1, diameter error, cylindricity, and surface roughness are mostly influenced by the cutting speed and feed rate. The feed rate and cutting speed give no significant influence on value of the circularity error. As the cutting speed increases, the surface roughness decreases. In contrary when the feed rate increases, surface roughness value increases as well. At the same time, tool wear influences surface roughness. For cylindricity error, lower cutting speed and lower feed rate will give better result. In terms of diameter error, feed rate influenced more than cutting speed. During drilling austenitic stainless steel, drill experienced similar modes of failure at all cutting speeds and feed rates employed, i.e. non uniform flank wear, chipping, and catastrophic failure.

Acknowledgements
Financial supports from the Ministry of Education, Malaysia and Universiti Teknologi Malaysia through
Research University Grant (No. 05H27) and Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (No. 4F285) are gratefully acknowledged.